This is a partial list of the literature reviewed during the research phase of the new book, The SharpBrains Guide to Brain Fitness, organized by relevant chapter.

Introduction

• Basak, C. et al. (2008). Can training in a real-time strategy video game attenuate cognitive decline in older adults? Psychology and Aging.
• Begley, S. (2007). Train your mind, change your brain: How a new science reveals our extraordinary potential to transform ourselves. Ballantine Books.
• DeKosky, S. T., et al. (2008). Ginkgo biloba for prevention of dementia: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 300, 2253-2262.
• Doidge, N. (2007). The Brain that changes itself: Stories of personal triumph from the frontiers of brain science. Viking Adult.

Chapter 1. The Brain and Brain Fitness 101

• Bunge, S. A., & Wright, S. B. (2007). Neurodevelopmental changes in working memory and cognitive control. Current Opinion In Neurobiology, 17(2), 243-50.
• Damasio, A. (1995). Descartes’ error: Emotion, reason, and the human brain. Penguin Press.
• David Kolb, D. (1983). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. FT Press.
• Draganski, B., Gaser, C., Kempermann, G., Kuhn, H. G., Winkler, J., Buchel, C., & May A. (2006). Temporal and spatial dynamics of brain structure changes during extensive learning. The Journal of Neuroscience, 261231, 6314-6317.
• Gage, F. H., Kempermann, G., & Song, H. (2007). Adult Neurogenesis. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, NY.
• Gardner, H. (1983). Frames of Mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books.
• Gaser, C. & Schlaug, G. (2003). Brain structures differ between musicians and non-musicians. The Journal of Neuroscience, 23, 9240-9245.
• Jensen, E. (2006). Enriching the brain: How to maximize every learner’s potential. Jossey-Bass.
• Klingberg, T., Fernell, E., Olesen, P. J., Johnson, M., Gustafsson, P., Dahlström, K., Gillberg, C. G., Forssberg, H., & Westerberg, H. (2005). Computerized Training of Working Memory in Children With ADHDA Randomized, Controlled Trial. J American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44(2), 177-186.
• Maguire, E. A., Woollett, K., & Spiers, H. J. (2006). London taxi drivers and bus drivers: A structural MRI and neuropsychological analysis. Hippocampus, 16, 1091-1101.
• Mechelli, A., Crinion, J. T., Noppeney, U. , O’Doherty, J., Ashburner, J., Frackowiak, R. S., & Price, C. J. (2004). Structural plasticity in the bilingual brain. Nature, 431, 757.
• Parsons, L. M. (2001). Exploring the functional neuroanatomy of music performance, perception, and comprehension. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences, 930, 211-31.
• Roenker, D., Cissell, G., Ball, K., Wadley, V., & Edwards, J. (2003). Speed of processing and driving simulator training result in improved driving performance. Human Factors, 45, 218-233.
• Rueda, M. R., Posner, M. I., & Rothbart, M. K. (2005) The development of executive attention: contributions to the emergence of self-regulation. Developmental Neuropsychology, 28, 573-594.
• Rueda, M. R., Rothbart, M. K.., Saccamanno, L., & Posner, M. I. (2005) Training,maturation and genetic influences on the development of executive attention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102, 14931-14936.
• Stern, Y. (2002). What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept. Journal of Int. Neuropsych. Soc., 8, 448-460.
• Sylwester, R. (2007). The adolescent brain: Reaching for autonomy. Corwin Press.
• Tang, Y., Ma, Y., Wang, J., Fan, Y., Feng, S., Lu, Q., et al. (2007). Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(43), 17152-17156.
• Woodruff, L., & Woodruff, B. (2007). In an instant: A Family‘s journey of love and healing. Random House.
• Zull, J. E. (2002). The art of changing the brain: Enriching the practice of teaching by exploring the biology of learning. Stylus Publishing.

Chapter 2. The 4 Pillars of Brain Maintenance

• Ball, K., Berch, D. B., Helmers, K. F., Jobe, J. B., Leveck, M. D., Marsiske, M., Morris, J. N., Rebok, G. W., Smith, D. M., Tennstedt, S. L., Unverzagt, F. W., & Willis, S. L. (2002). Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults. Journal of the American Medical Association, 288, 2271-2281.
• Basak, C. et al. (2008). Can training in a real-time strategy video game attenuate cognitive decline in older adults? Psychology and Aging.
• Brooks, J. O., Friedman, L., Pearman, A. M., Gray, C., & Yesavage, J. A. (1999). Mnemonic training in older adults: Effect of age, length of training, and type of cognitive pretraining. International Psychogeriatrics, 11, 75-84.
• Burns, N. R., Bryan J., Nettelbeck T. (2006). Ginkgo biloba: no robust effect on cognitive abilities or mood in healthy young or older adults. Human Psychopharmacology, 21(1), 27-37.
• Colcombe, S., & Kramer, A. F. (2003). Fitness effects on the cognitive function of older adults: A Meta-Analytic study. Psychological Science, 14 (2) , 125–130.
• DeKosky, S. T., et al. (2008). Ginkgo biloba for prevention of dementia: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 300, 2253-2262.
• Derwinger, A., Neely, A. S., Persson, M., Hill, R. D., & Backman, L. (2003). Remembering numbers in old age: Mnemonic training versus self-generated strategy training. Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition, 10, 202-214.
• Elsabagh, S., Hartley, D. E., Ali, O., Williamson, E. M., & File, S. E. (2005). Differential cognitive effects of Ginkgo biloba after acute and chronic treatment in healthy young volunteers. Psychopharmacology, 179(2), 437-46
• Eriksson, P. S., Perfilieva, E., Bjork-Eriksson, T., Alborn, A. N., Norborg, C., Peterson, D., & Gage, F. H. (1998). Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nature Medicine, 4(11): 1313-1317, 1998.
• Faherty, C. J., Shepherd, K. R., Herasimtschuk, A., & Smeyne, R. J. (2005). Environmental enrichment in adulthood eliminates neuronal death in experimental Parkinsonism. Molecular Brain Research, 134(1), 170-179.
• Fontani, G., Corradeschi, F., Felici, A., Alfatti, F., Migliorini, S., & Lodi L. (2005). Cognitive and physiological effects of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in healthy subjects. European Journal of Clin. Invest., 35(11), 691-9.
• Gage, F. H., Kempermann, G., & Song, H. (2007). Adult Neurogenesis. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, NY.
• Gopher, D., Weil, M., & Bareket, T. (1994). Transfer of skill from a computer game trainer to flight. Human Factors, 36, 1-19.
• Heyn, P., Abreu, B. C., & Ottenbacher, K. J. (2004). The effects of exercise training on elderly persons with cognitive impairment and dementia: a meta-analysis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(10), 1694-704.
• Hillman, C. H., Erickson, K. I., & Kramer, A. F. (2008). Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9 (1), 58-65.
• Katzman, R., Aronson, M., Fuld, P., Kawas, C., Brown, T., Morgenstern, H., Frishman, W., Gidez, L., Eder, H., & Ooi, W.L. (1989). Development of dementing illnesses in an 80-year-old volunteer cohort. Annals of Neurology, 25, 317–324.
• McCleary, L. (2007).The Brain Trust Program: A scientifically based three-part plan to improve memory, elevate mood, enhance attention, alleviate migraine and menopausal symptoms, and boost mental energy. Perigee Trade.
• McCraty, R., Barrios-Choplin, B., Rozman, D., Atkinson, M., & Watkins, A. D. (1998). The impact of a new emotional self-management program on stress, emotions, heart rate variability, DHEA and cortisol. Integr. Physiol. Behav. Sci., 33(2), 151-70.
• Nair, K. S., Rizza, R. A., O’Brien, P., Dhatariya, K., Short, K. R., Nehra, A., Vittone, J. L., et al. (2006). DHEA in elderly women and DHEA or testosterone in elderly men. The New England Journal of Medicine, 355(16), 1647-59.
• Piscitelli, S. C, Burstein, A. H., Chaitt, D., Alfaro, R. M., Falloon, J. (2001). Indinavir concentrations and St John’s wort. Lancet, 357, 1210.
• Roenker, D., Cissell, G., Ball, K., Wadley, V., & Edwards, J. (2003). Speed of processing and driving simulator training result in improved driving performance. Human Factors, 45, 218-233.
• Sapolsky, R. M. (2004). Why zebras don’t get ulcers. Owl Books.
• Scarmeas, N., Levy, G., Tang, M. X., Manly, J., & Stern, Y. (2001). Influence of leisure activity on the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 57, 2236-2242.
• Snowdon, D. A., Ostwald, S. K., Kane, R. L., & Keenan, N. L. (1989). Years of life with good and poor mental and physical function in the elderly. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 42, 1055-1066.
• Solomon, P. R, Adams, F., Silver, A., Zimmer, J., & DeVeaux, R. (2002). Ginkgo for memory enhancement: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 288(7), 835-40.
• Stern, Y. (2002). What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept. Journal of Int. Neuropsych. Soc., 8, 448-460.
• Verhaeghen, P., Marcoen, A., & Goosens, L. (1992). Improving memory performance in the aged through mnemonic training: A meta-analytic study. Psychology and Aging, 7, 242-251.
• Willis, S. L., Tennstedt, S. L., Marsiske, M., Ball, K., Elias, J., Koepke, K. M., Morris, J. N., Rebok, G. W. Unverzagt, F. W. Stoddard, A. M., & Wright, E. (2006). Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults. Journal of the American Medical Association, 296(23), 2805-2814.
• Wilson, R.S., Bennett, D.A., Bienias, J.L., Aggarwal, N.T., Mendes de Leon, C.F., Morris, M.C., Schneider, J. A., & Evans, D. A. (2002). Cognitive activity and incident AD in a population-based sample of older persons. Neurology, 59, 1910-1914.
• Zelinski et al. (on-going). The IMPACT Study: A randomized controlled trial of a brain plasticity-based training program for age-related decline.
• Zelinski, E. M., & Burnight, K. P. (1997). Sixteen-year longitudinal and time lag changes in memory and cognition in older adults. Psychology and Aging, 12(3), 503-513.
• Zull, J. E. (2002). The Art of changing the brain: Enriching the practice of teaching by exploring the biology of learning. Stylus Publishing: Sterling, VA.

Chapter 3. Mental Exercise vs. Mental Activity

• American Society on Aging (2006). ASA-Metlife Foundation Attitudes and Awareness of Brain Health Poll.
• Basak, C. et al. (2008). Can training in a real-time strategy video game attenuate cognitive decline in older adults? Psychology and Aging.
• Beck, A. (1979). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. Plume. • Beck, J. S. (1995). Cognitive Therapy: Basics and Beyond. Guilford Press.
• Beck, J. S. (2007). The Beck diet solution: Train your brain to think like a thin person. Oxmoor House.
• Ericsson, K. A., & Delaney, P. F. (1998). Working Memory and Expert Performance. In R. H. Logie & K. J. Gilhooly (Eds.), Working Memory and Thinking, pp. 93-114. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
• Gaab, N, Gabrieli, J. D. E., Deutsch, G. K., & Temple, E. (2007). Neural correlates of rapid auditory processing are disrupted in children with developmental dyslexia and ameliorated with training: An fMRI study. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 25, 295-310.
• Gopher, D., Weil, M., & Baraket, T. (1994). Transfer of skill from a computer game trainer to flight. Human Factors, 36, 387-405.
• Hambrick, D. Z., Sathouse, T. A., & Meinz, E. J. (1999). Predictors of crossword puzzle proficiency and moderators of age-cognition relations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 131-164.
• Hillman, C. H., Erickson, K. I., & Kramer, A. F. (2008). Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9 (1), 58-65.
• Jaeggi, S. M., Buschkuehl, M., Jonides, J., & Perrig, W. J. (2008). Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105(19), 6829-6833.
• Jobe, J. B., Smith, D. M., Ball, K., Tennstedt, S. L., Marsiske, M., Willis, S. L., Rebok, G. W., Morris, J. N., Helmers, K. F., Leveck, M. D., Kleinman, K. (2001). ACTIVE: A cognitive intervention trail to promote independence in older adults. Control Clinical Trials, 22(4), 453-479.
• Kawashima, R. (2005). Train your brain: 60 days to a better brain. Kumon Publishing North America.
• Klingberg, T., Fernell, E., Olesen, P. J., Johnson, M., Gustafsson, P., Dahlström, K., Gillberg, C. G., Forssberg, H., & Westerberg, H. (2005). Computerized training of working memory in children with ADHDA randomized, controlled trial. J. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44(2), 177-186.
• Lavin, A., & Glaser, S. (2006). Who’s boss: Moving families from conflict to collaboration. Collaboration Press.
• Lavin, A., & Glaser, S. (2007). Baby and toddler sleep solutions for dummies. Wiley.
• Levine, M. (1995). All kinds of minds. Educators Publishing Service
• Mahncke, H. W., Connor, B. B., Appelman, J., Ahsanuddin, O. N., Hardy, J. L., Wood, R. A., Joyce, N. M., Boniske, T., Atkins, S. M., & Merzenich, M. M. (2006). Memory enhancement in healthy older adults using a brain plasticity-based training program: A randomized, controlled study. PNAS, 103(33), 12523-12528.
• Davidson, R. J., Kabat-Zinn, J., Schumacher, J., Rosenkranz, M., Muller, D., Santorelli, S. F., Urbanowski, F., Harrington, A., Bonus, K. and Sheridan, J. F. (2003). Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65, 564-570.
• Newberg, A., D’Aquili, E., & Rause, V. (2001). Why God won’t go away: Brain science and the biology of belief. Ballantine Books.
• Newberg, A. & Waldman, M. R. (2006). Why we believe what we believe: Uncovering our biological need for meaning, spirituality, and truth. Free Press.
• Paquette, V., Levesque, J., Mensour, B., Leroux, J. M., Beaudoin, G., Bourgouin, P., et al. (2003). Effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the neural correlates of spider phobia. Neuroimage, 18, 401-409.
• Roenker, D., Cissell, G., Ball, K., Wadley, V., & Edwards, J. (2003). Speed of processing and driving simulator training result in improved driving performance. Human Factors, 45: 218-233.
• Scarmeas, N., Levy, G., Tang, M. X., Manly, J., & Stern, Y. (2001). Influence of leisure activity on the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 57, 2236-2242.
• Stahre, L., Tärnell, B., HÃ¥kanson, C.-.E., & Hällström, T. (2007). A randomized controlled trial of two weight-reducing short-term group treatment programs for obesity with an 18-month follow-up. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 14(1), 48-55
• Steenbarger, B, N. (2006). Enhancing Trader Performance: Proven Strategies From the Cutting Edge of Trading Psychology. Wiley.
• Steenbarger, B. N. (2003). The Psychology of Trading: Tools and Techniques for Minding the Markets. Wiley.
• Tang, Y., Ma, Y., Wang, J., Fan, Y., Feng, S., Lu, Q., et al. (2007). Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(43), 17152-17156.
• Temple, E., Deutsch, G. K., Poldrack, R. A., Miller, S. L., Tallal, P.,Merzenich, M. M., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2003). Neural deficits in children with dyslexia ameliorated by behavioral remediation: Evidence from functional MRI. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 2860-2865.
• Willis, S. L., Tennstedt, S. L., Marsiske, M., Ball, K., Elias, J., Koepke, K. M., Morris, J. N., Rebok, G. W. Unverzagt, F. W. Stoddard, A. M., & Wright, E. (2006). Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults. Journal of the American Medical Association, 296(23), 2805-2814.
• Woodruff, L., & Woodruff, B. (2007). In an Instant: A Family’s journey of love and healing. Random House.
• Zelinski et al. (on-going). The IMPACT Study: A randomized controlled trial of a brain plasticity-based training program for age-related decline.

Chapter 4. Brain Training Software: Profiles, Evaluation Criteria and 21 Quick Picks

• Baril, L., Nicolas, L., Croisile, B., Crozier, P., Hessler, C., Sassolas, A., McCormick, J. B., & Trannoy, E. (2004). Immune response to Abetapeptides in peripheral blood from patients with Alzheimer’s disease and control subjects. Neurosci. Lett., 355(3), 226-30
• Gopher, D., Weil, M., & Bareket, T. (1994). Transfer of skill from a computer game trainer to flight. Human Factors, 36, 1-19.
• Kawashima, R. (2005).Train your brain: 60 days to a better brain. Kumon Publishing North America.
• Klingberg, T., Fernell, E., Olesen, P. J., Johnson, M., Gustafsson, P., Dahlström, K., Gillberg, C. G., Forssberg, H., & Westerberg, H. (2005). Computerized training of working memory in children with ADHDA randomized, controlled trial. J. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44(2), 177-186.
• Mahncke, H. W., Connor, B. B., Appelman, J., Ahsanuddin, O. N., Hardy, J. L., Wood, R. A., Joyce, N. M., Boniske, T., Atkins, S. M., & Merzenich, M. M. (2006). Memory enhancement in healthy older adults using a brain plasticity-based training program: A randomized, controlled study. PNAS, 103(33), 12523-12528.
• Nussbaum, P. (2007). Your brain health lifestyle. Word Association.
• Small, G. (2005). The memory prescription: Dr. Gary Small’s 14-day plan to keep your brain and body young. Hyperion.
• Steenbarger, B, N. (2006). Enhancing trader performance: Proven strategies from the cutting edge of trading psychology. Wiley.

Chapter 5. A Growing Range of Applications

• Barkley, R. A. (1997). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, selfregulation, and time: Toward a more comprehensive theory. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 18(4), 271-279.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Alzheimer’s Association. (2007). The Healthy Brain Initiative: A National Public Health Road Map to Maintaining Cognitive Health.
• Cicerone, K. D., Dahlberg, C., Kalmar, K., Langenbahn, D. M., Malec, J. F., Bergquist, T. F., Felicetti, T., Giacino, J. T., Harley, J. P., Harrington, D. E., Herzog, J., Kneipp, S., Laatsch, L., & Morse P. A. (2000). Evidencebased cognitive rehabilitation: recommendations for clinical practice. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 81, 1596-615.
• Cicerone, K. D., Dahlberg, C., Malec, J. F., Langenbahn, D. M., Felicetti, T., Kneipp, S., Ellmo, W., Kalmar, K., Giacino, J. T., Harley, J. P., Laatsch, L., Morse, P. A., & Catanese, J. (2005). Evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation: Updated review of the literature from 1998 through 2002. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 86, 1681-92.
• Goldstein, S., & Ingersoll, B. (1993). Controversial treatments for children with ADHD and impulse disorders. In L. F., Koziol C. E. Stout, and D. Ruben, (Eds.). Handbook of childhood impulse disorders and ADHD: Theory and practice. Charles C Thomas, Publisher, pp. 144-160
• Gopher, D., Weil, M., & Baraket, T. (1994). Transfer of skill from a computer game trainer to flight. Human Factors, 36, 387-405.
• Kasten, E., Wuest, S., Behrens-Bamann, W., & Sabel, B. A. (1998). Computer-based training for the treatment of partial blindness. Nature Medicine, 4, 1083–1087.
• Klingberg, T., Fernell, E., Olesen, P. J., Johnson, M., Gustafsson, P., Dahlström, K., Gillberg, C. G., Forssberg, H., & Westerberg, H. (2005). Computerized training of working memory in children with ADHDA randomized, controlled trial. J. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44(2), 177-186.
• Mark Katz, M. (1997). On playing a poor hand well. W.W. Norton and Company.
• Olesen, P. J., Westerberg, H., & Klingberg, T. (2004). Increased prefrontal and parietal brain activity after training of working memory. Nature Neuroscience, 7(1), 75-79.
• Rabiner, D., & Coie, J. D. (2000). Early attention problems and children’s reading achievement: A longitudinal investigation. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(7), 859-867.
• Roenker, D., Cissell, G., Ball, K., Wadley, V., & Edwards, J. (2003). Speed of processing and driving simulator training result in improved driving performance. Human Factors, 45, 218-233.
• Shebilske, W. L., Volz, R. A., Gildea, K. M., Workman, J. W., Nanjanath, M., Cao, S,, & Whetzel, J. (2005). Revised Space Fortress: A validation study. Behavior Research Methods, 37, 591-601.
• Willis, S. L., Tennstedt, S. L., Marsiske, M., Ball, K., Elias, J., Koepke, K. M., Morris, J. N., Rebok, G. W. Unverzagt, F. W. Stoddard, A. M., & Wright, E. (2006). Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults. Journal of the American Medical Association, 296(23), 2805-2814.

Chapter 6. Ready for the Future?

• Whalen, C., Liden, L., Ingersoll, B., Dallaire, E., & Liden, S. (2006). Positive behavioral changes associated with the use of computerassisted instruction for young children. Journal of Speech and Language Pathology and Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 11-25.
• Vance, D. E., Webb, N. M., Marceaux, J. C., Viamonte, S. M., Foote, A. W., & Ball, K. K. (2008). Mental stimulation, neural plasticity, and aging: directions for nursing research and practice. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 40(4), 241-9.

Chapter 7. Opening the Debate

• Ybarra, O., Burnstein, E., Winkielman, P., Keller, M. C., Manis, M., Chan, E., & Rodriguez, J. (2008). Mental exercising through simple socializing: Social interaction promotes general cognitive functioning. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 248-259.

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