A spate of recent news cov­er­age on brain fit­ness and “brain train­ing” reflects a grow­ing inter­est in nat­ural, non-drug-based inter­ven­tions to keep our brains sharp as we age. This inter­est is very timely, given the aging pop­u­la­tion, increas­ing Alzheimer’s rates, and soar­ing health care costs that place more empha­sis than ever on pre­ven­tion and chang­ing lifestyle.

This past Tues­day, the MIT Club of North­ern Cal­i­for­nia, the Amer­i­can Soci­ety on Aging, and Smart­Sil­vers spon­sored an event on The Emerg­ing Brain Fit­ness Soft­ware Mar­ket: Build­ing Bet­ter Brains to explore the real­i­ties and myths of this grow­ing field. The panel was mod­er­ated by Zack Lynch, Exec­u­tive Direc­tor of the Neu­rotech­nol­ogy Indus­try Orga­ni­za­tion, and com­posed of a ven­ture cap­i­tal­ist and 3 CEOs of pro­gram devel­op­ers in the field. Before the panel, I had the chance to present an overview of the state of the Brain Fit­ness Soft­ware Mar­ket based on our upcom­ing report to be released on March 4th.

Why are we talk­ing about this field at all? Well, for one, an increas­ing num­ber of com­pa­nies are achiev­ing sig­nif­i­cant com­mer­cial suc­cess in pack­ag­ing “brain exer­cise”. An exam­ple is the line of Nin­tendo games, such as Brain Age and Brain Train­ing, that have shipped over 15 mil­lion units world­wide despite lim­ited sci­en­tific sup­port, since 2005. What is less vis­i­ble is that a num­ber of com­pa­nies and sci­en­tists are Read the rest of this entry »

Roundup of sev­eral insight­ful arti­cles and recent research:

Fish Oil May Help Pre­vent Alzheimer’s (Wash­ing­ton Post)

- “The omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil might play an impor­tant role in pre­vent­ing Alzheimer’s dis­ease, accord­ing to a research team at the Uni­ver­sity of Cal­i­for­nia, Los Ange­les (UCLA).”

- “Pub­lish­ing in the Dec. 26 issue of the Jour­nal of Neu­ro­science, the sci­en­tists demon­strated that the omega-3 fatty acid docosa­hexaenoic acid (DHA) increases the pro­duc­tion of LR11, a pro­tein that is found at reduced lev­els in Alzheimer’s patients. LR11 is known to destroy the pro­tein that forms the plaques asso­ci­ated with the dis­ease, the researchers explained.“
– “Alzheimer’s is a debil­i­tat­ing neu­rode­gen­er­a­tive dis­ease that causes mem­ory loss, demen­tia, per­son­al­ity change and ulti­mately death. The Alzheimer’s Asso­ci­a­tion esti­mates that 5.1 mil­lion Amer­i­cans are cur­rently afflicted with the dis­ease. The asso­ci­a­tion pre­dicts that may increase to between 11 mil­lion and 16 mil­lion peo­ple by 2050.”

‘Find­ing Alzheimer’s Before a Mind Fails’ (New York Times)

- “Ms. Ker­ley is part of an ambi­tious new sci­en­tific effort to find ways to detect Alzheimer’s dis­ease at the ear­li­est pos­si­ble moment. Although the dis­ease may seem like a calamity that strikes sud­denly in old age, sci­en­tists now think it begins long before the mind fails.”

- “Many sci­en­tists believe the best hope of progress, maybe the only hope, lies in Read the rest of this entry »

I hope you are hav­ing happy hol­i­days, and are get­ting ready for New Year cel­e­bra­tions. Best wishes to you and your loved ones.

Via Med­Jour­nal­Watch we just found this inter­est­ing paper,

Asso­ci­a­tions of job demands and intel­li­gence with cog­ni­tive per­for­mance among men in late life. Guy G. Pot­ter PhD^*, Michael J. Helms BS, and Brenda L. Plass­man PhD Neu­rol­ogy 2007.

- CONCLUSIONS: “Intel­lec­tu­ally demand­ing work was asso­ci­ated with greater ben­e­fit to cog­ni­tive per­for­mance in later life inde­pen­dent of related fac­tors like edu­ca­tion and intel­li­gence. The fact that indi­vid­u­als with lower intel­lec­tual apti­tude demon­strated a stronger pos­i­tive asso­ci­a­tion between work and higher cog­ni­tive per­for­mance dur­ing retire­ment sug­gests that behav­ior may enhance intel­lec­tual reserve, per­haps even years after peak intel­lec­tual activity.”

This is con­sis­tent with the Cog­ni­tive Reserve the­ory we dis­cussed in the inter­view with neu­ro­sci­en­tist Yaakov Stern:

- AF (Alvaro Fer­nan­dez): OK, so our goal is to build that Reserve of neu­rons, synapses, and skills. How can we do that? What defines “men­tally stim­u­lat­ing activ­i­ties” or good “brain exercise”?

- YS (Yaakov Stern): In sum­mary, we could say that “stim­u­la­tion” con­sists of engag­ing in activ­i­ties. In our research almost all activ­i­ties are seen to con­tribute to reserve. Some have chal­leng­ing lev­els of cog­ni­tive com­plex­ity, and some have inter­per­sonal or phys­i­cal demands. In ani­mal stud­ies, expo­sure to an enriched envi­ron­ment or increased phys­i­cal activ­ity result in increased neu­ro­ge­n­e­sis (the cre­ation of new neu­rons). You can get that stim­u­la­tion through edu­ca­tion and/ or your occu­pa­tion. There is clear research show­ing how those two ele­ments reduce the risk. Now, what is very excit­ing is that, no mat­ter one’s age, edu­ca­tion and occu­pa­tion, our level of par­tic­i­pa­tion in leisure activ­i­ties has a sig­nif­i­cant and cumu­la­tive effect. A key mes­sage here is that dif­fer­ent activ­i­ties have inde­pen­dent, syn­er­gis­tic, con­tri­bu­tions, which means the more things you do and the ear­lier you start, the bet­ter. But you are never stuck: bet­ter late than never.

- Read more on the Cog­ni­tive Reserve

In short, men­tally and socially stim­u­lat­ing activ­i­ties, through our edu­ca­tion, occu­pa­tion AND leisure activ­i­ties, con­tribute to build­ing a Cog­ni­tive Reserve in our brains that may help delay mem­ory prob­lems, Mild Cog­ni­tive Impair­ment, and Alzheimer’s related symp­toms, and help main­tain cog­ni­tive per­for­mance over­all as we age.

If you are think­ing about New Year Res­o­lu­tions, this is one more area to con­sider. Happy 2008!

Here you have a col­lec­tion of recent news cov­er­age on brain heath, fit­ness and train­ing topics:

1– Great Mem­ory Spe­cial in National Geo­graphic, including

- Inter­ac­tive 3D map of the brain

- Mem­ory Game

2– Fas­ci­nat­ing What the Bea­t­les Gave Sci­ence, by Sharon Beg­ley at Newsweek

- “Even in novices, med­i­ta­tion leaves its mark. An eight-week course in com­pas­sion med­i­ta­tion, in which vol­un­teers focus on the wish that all beings be free from suf­fer­ing, shifted brain activ­ity from the right pre­frontal cor­tex to the left, a pat­tern asso­ci­ated with a greater sense of well-being.”

3– One of the best edi­tions of Sci­en­tific Amer­i­can Mind

- Solv­ing the IQ Puz­zle “The 20th cen­tury saw the Flynn effect: mas­sive gains in IQ from one gen­er­a­tion to another. Now Flynn explains why”

- Anx­i­ety and Alzheimer- A life­time of stress could lead to mem­ory prob­lems and dis­ease: “Over a period of up to 12 years, vol­un­teers who were anxiety-prone had a 40 per­cent higher risk of devel­op­ing mild cog­ni­tive impair­ment than more easy­go­ing indi­vid­u­als did. Mild cog­ni­tive impair­ment is thought to be a pre­cur­sor for Alzheimer’s.”

4– Exer­cise builds strong brains, too — USATODAY.com

- “Phillip Tom­porowski, a study co-author and exer­cise psy­chol­o­gist at the Uni­ver­sity of Geor­gia in Athens, says exer­cise “may well improve the under­ly­ing men­tal processes that are involved in a lot of behav­iors and aca­d­e­mic tasks.”

5– Daily com­puter game boosts maths– BBC, report­ing pre­lim­i­nary results from a small pilot

- “Play­ing a daily com­puter game has helped a class of pri­mary school chil­dren improve their maths and con­cen­tra­tion, a study says.”

6– ADHD and Brain Devel­op­ment– Wash­ing­ton Post

- “Devel­op­ing more slowly in ADHD young­sters — the lag can be as much as three years — are brain regions that sup­press inap­pro­pri­ate actions and thoughts, focus atten­tion, remem­ber things from moment to moment, work for reward, and con­trol movement.”

A few years ago I had the chance to meet, and see in action, Hans Rosling (fol­low the link and play the fas­ci­nat­ing clip if you have 6 min­utes), at a sum­mit by the Schwab Foun­da­tion for Social Entre­pre­neur­ship. He is a Pro­fes­sor of Inter­na­tional Health who devel­oped Tren­d­a­lyzer soft­ware, a tool that brings sta­tis­tics to live with great visual and ani­ma­tion tech­niques. Google bought the soft­ware last March. You can find it here now.

The Finan­cial Times today has an arti­cle titled The hid­den beauty of num­bers (sub­scrip­tion required), with some great quotes such as “Prof. Rosling works on the premise that the world can never be under­stood with­out numbers-or with only num­bers” and “He draws an anal­ogy with music: most peo­ple would find the writ­ten notes dull but love them when they are played. He says he wants to play the sta­tis­tics and is adamant that he has the eye of the user in mind all the time”.

Here is a full pre­sen­ta­tion at TED Talks. Enjoy a much more insigh­ful and fun way to see the world!

Two related posts:

• Micro­fi­nance, and a very sharp brain
• “Every­one a Change­maker”, Ashoka and Google

What an event yes­ter­day night. My wife and I were for­tu­nate to visit the Google Cam­pus and attend the Sixth Annual North Amer­i­can Fel­low­ship Induc­tion Pro­gram of Ashoka: Inno­va­tors for the Pub­lic, a social ven­ture fund where we have been involved for a num­ber of years, and thanks to which (thanks Michele!) my wife and I met in the first place.

18 new Ashoka Fellows/ social entre­pre­neurs were elected, and after a fun cock­tail recep­tion the cer­e­mony began. Sergei Brin (Google Co-founder), Sheryl Sand­berg (who helped launch Google Foun­da­tion and google.org), Salar Kaman­gar (the mind behind AdWords) gave intro­duc­tory remarks. Salar explained how he first heard of Ashoka (through the book How to Change the World, by David Born­stein) and how he saw tremen­dous sim­i­lar­i­ties between Ashoka and Google: both Read the rest of this entry »