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Can We Pick Your Brain re. Cognitive Assessments?

If you could, you would. You can, but pre­fer not to know it?

More than any other organ, your brain is up to you. You are what you think, not just what you eat. Here’s some food for thought:

Design your Mind

Set­ting cog­ni­tive and behav­ioral goals raises chal­leng­ing and wor­thy ques­tions: What do you want from your brain? Will you know it when you achieve it?

To attain the brain of our choos­ing, we must under­stand our selves and cur­rent abil­i­ties. Intro­spec­tion and curios­ity are help­ful if they trig­ger and sus­tain the effort to enrich the mind. How­ever, objec­tive infor­ma­tion which leads to informed assess­ment of brain func­tion is often lacking.

Mind your Brain

Hon­esty. Open­ness. Self-awareness.

Irrefutable virtues, but in prac­tice most peo­ple fall short. Few reg­u­larly appraise their brain skills; even so, the abil­ity to accu­rately judge one’s own men­tal per­for­mance is not guar­an­teed. I believe the first step to mind­ing the brain is shed­ding hang-ups while offer­ing and solic­it­ing frank feed­back from fam­ily and close con­fi­dants. In the clin­i­cal set­ting, rou­tine cog­ni­tive screen­ing and “men­tal check ups” are not cur­rently prac­ticed, in part due to time con­straints and lim­ited util­ity of tra­di­tional paper-and-pencil tests. From a pub­lic health per­spec­tive, the U.S. Pre­ven­ta­tive Task Force reviewed avail­able evi­dence and could not deter­mine whether the ben­e­fits of screen­ing out­weighs the risks (link here).

There is great promise in using computer-based cog­ni­tive assess­ments and inno­v­a­tive mem­ory tests which are based on con­tem­po­rary con­cepts in cog­ni­tive psy­chol­ogy. Highly desir­able research aims will be to demon­strate their abil­ity to 1) reli­ably cap­ture a person’s “base­line” cog­ni­tive abil­i­ties; 2) promptly detect intrain­di­vid­ual change; and 3) accu­rately pre­dict risk of future decline.

Equally crit­i­cal will be estab­lish­ing pub­lic and pro­fes­sional buy-in to the notion that peek­ing at the brain is worth­while. Com­pli­cat­ing the sit­u­a­tion, espe­cially with aging, is a wide­spread ambivalence–even objection–to tak­ing stock of our cere­brum. If cog­ni­tive decline or an Alzheimer’s diag­no­sis would be the out­come, there is a com­mon and unfor­tu­nate pref­er­ence “not to know” (See Early Alzheimer’s dis­ease diag­nos­tics: Wait! Wait! Don’t Tell Me) for a recent edi­to­r­ial address­ing the research and pub­lic pol­icy impli­ca­tions of such will­ful ignorance).

Mend your Mind

It is true that moti­vat­ing peo­ple to seek ongo­ing assess­ment of their men­tal sta­tus will iden­tify peo­ple who are expe­ri­enc­ing signs of brain aging. The chal­lenge will then fall to pro­fes­sional and research com­mu­ni­ties to demon­strate the ben­e­fits of early diag­no­sis and inter­ven­tion. Deliv­er­ing clin­i­cal excel­lence will require inter­dis­ci­pli­nary innovation.

In estab­lish­ing the Einstein-Montefiore Brain Aging Cen­ter in New York City, I pri­or­i­tized two over­looked but essen­tial modes of inter­ven­tion: edu­ca­tion and com­mu­nity out­reach. The goals are to coun­ter­act a pre­vail­ing ther­a­peu­tic nihilism which is no longer jus­ti­fi­able, and to mobi­lize com­mu­ni­ties to pro­mote brain longevity. Such cul­ture change will presage suc­cess­ful research and devel­op­ment of the ther­a­pies so des­per­ately needed. Disease-modifying biotech­nolo­gies and astound­ing cog­ni­tive neu­rotech­nolo­gies may be on the hori­zon, but the time is now to pique your brain.

Sharp­Brains read­ers: I would like to pick your brains on this sub­ject. Please post your com­ments and thoughts on the fol­low­ing provoca­tive statements:

1) Even if my cog­ni­tive abil­i­ties were declin­ing, knowl­edge of this would leave me worse off.

2) I am con­cerned that fam­ily, friends, physi­cians, employ­ers, or insur­ers would treat me dif­fer­ently if they found out I had cog­ni­tive decline.

3) Under­stand­ing my cog­ni­tive strengths and weak­nesses will moti­vate me to estab­lish and adhere to a per­son­al­ized brain fit­ness program.

Thank you!

For a related arti­cle, you can read Alvaro’s Com­put­er­ized Cog­ni­tive Assess­ments: oppor­tu­ni­ties and concerns.

Joshua Steinerman Einstein-Montefiore Brain Aging CenterDr. Joshua Stein­er­man is Assis­tant Pro­fes­sor of Neu­rol­ogy at New York’s Albert Ein­stein Col­lege of Med­i­cine, where he estab­lished the Einstein-Montefiore Brain Aging Cen­ter and directs the Neu­rode­gen­er­a­tive Dis­ease Clin­i­cal Tri­als Pro­gram. He is also Found­ing Sci­en­tist at ProG­evity Neuroscience.

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12 Responses

  1. Hi Joshua,

    What you describe, and what it seems to me Sharp­Brains is a pro­po­nent of, is pre­ven­tive care, be it in the form of edu­ca­tion or check­ups or early treat­ment. I am a big fan of pre­ven­tive care, in gen­eral, because it can lessen the neg­a­tive impact of the par­tic­u­lar health issue in question.

    Spe­cific to your three state­ments above:
    1–I would want to know if my cog­ni­tive abil­i­ties were declin­ing so that I could have input into how my future plays out (in-home treat­ment, aide, nurs­ing home, etc)

    2-It’s pos­si­ble that any of the folks men­tioned would treat me dif­fer­ently, but if I was engaged in the process of man­ag­ing my care, I would include con­ver­sa­tions with these folks (plus prob­a­bly a social worker or some­one skilled at help­ing peo­ple nav­i­gate such cir­cum­stances). I would def­i­nitely be con­cerned about the insur­ance aspect.

    3-Absolutely!

    Regards,
    Laurie

  2. Erin Matlock says:

    Thanks Dr. Stein­er­man for open­ing this discussion.

    Here are my answers.

    1) The knowl­edge would actu­ally be empow­er­ing for me. It would spur me to take extra care of myself and be much more proac­tive about the activ­i­ties and treat­ment I pursued.

    2) Friends — no.

    Fam­ily– I would want them to treat me dif­fer­ently by help­ing me make the tran­si­tion and sup­port­ing the plan of treat­ment I chose.

    Physi­cians, employ­ers and insur­ers — yes, for sure. I would be extremely con­cerned. I think it’s a nat­ural reac­tion — and unfor­tu­nately, a part of aging that many peo­ple are cur­rently going through.

    3)It would def­i­nitely be a seri­ous moti­va­tor for me.

  3. Replies

    1> Not nec­es­sar­ily. Knowl­edge of a decline is an insuf­fi­cient con­di­tion to cause worse off. How­ever, cou­ple that knowl­edge with a per­ceived inabil­ity to address the decline and yes, worse off con­di­tions will follow.

    2> Con­cerned, no, because I’m quite com­fort­able that the pres­ence of the knowl­edge would cause a change in a behav­ior through their altered expec­ta­tions. And com­fort­able in my abil­ity to address peo­ple with pre­con­ceived notions. Now if they have knowl­edge and I don’t, you may get a dif­fer­ent answer.

    3> No. And for the gen­eral pub­lic a def­i­nite no. Strengths and weak­nesses are not direct moti­va­tors of behav­ior change. By anal­ogy, strengths and weak­nesses relat­ing to lack of phys­i­cal activ­ity are read­ily observed, yet the obser­va­tions lack the “juice” to stim­u­late exer­cise. To moti­vate fit­ness pro­gram adher­ence, peer group appre­ci­a­tion, and pos­i­tive expec­ta­tion of results are needed.

  4. LifeGeeked says:

    Very inter­est­ing questions

    1– It is bet­ter to know and under­stand in order to be able to play my strengths and work on my weaknesses

    2– I would only be con­cerned about Employers

    3 — I would agree on what Mr Aaron Jack­son Said, but I still find some­thing moti­vat­ing with know­ing, maybe it is the self deter­mi­na­tion and will !

  5. Keith Rogers says:

    1. The effects of know­ing I was suf­fer­ing cog­ni­tive decline would be depen­dent on what else is hap­pen­ing in life at the time. Right now, I can say I would be very open to know­ing where my abil­i­ties are suf­fer­ing in hopes of mak­ing a change. But there have been times when that knowl­edge may have been depressing.

    2. I am not con­cerned how friends and fam­ily would treat me. Employer — yes, some­what unless it was traced to a dis­abil­ity that could be “rea­son­ably accom­mo­dated”. Insurer — excel­lent ques­tion. I don’t know how I’d feel about that.

    3. Absolutely! Even now, with­out know­ing of any cog­ni­tive decline, I try to find ways to exer­cise my men­tal fit­ness. Just like I try to tar­get areas of phys­i­cal weak­ness with spe­cial­ized focus, if I could know where I was “los­ing it”, I would focus on strength­en­ing those areas. KR

  6. jairo obando says:

    thank for the space for par­tic­i­pa­tion.
    I give these answers:
    1) No, I would treat to rec­og­nize my new real­ity and to begin to look the causes and pos­si­ble treat­ment.
    2)Sure. The peo­ple under­stant the sit­u­a­tion of every­one and of this form treat you.
    3)Before that occur I will put in prac­tice many advices that your and oth­ers give me .
    Its bet­ter pre­vent that to lament.
    Excel­lent web page.

  7. mk says:

    1) Even if my cog­ni­tive abil­i­ties were declin­ing, knowl­edge of this would leave me worse off.

    Actu­ally, this did hap­pen to me a lit­tle over a year ago. I was los­ing my abil­ity to think at work to an ever-increasing degree and, mis­un­der­stand­ing my doctor’s expla­na­tion, thought I had some form of dementia.

    2) I am con­cerned that fam­ily, friends, physi­cians, employ­ers, or insur­ers would treat me dif­fer­ently if they found out I had cog­ni­tive decline.

    My son’s wed­ding was a few months away and I decided not to ask the doc­tor to go into detail, afraid I’d be cry­ing all dur­ing the wed­ding. I didn’t con­fide in friends at the begin­ning, but did as I began mak­ing plans for retir­ing with a med­ical dis­abil­ity. I had to face the fact that if this was true, my place of employ­ment would need a head’s up to replace me and my insur­ance would find out no mat­ter how I tried to hide it. And yes, I was going to be broke and would shortly have to pay a for­tune for insur­ance even though the com­pany would not offi­cially drop me (just increase my rates so astro­nom­i­cally I would drop myself). Peo­ple did treat me dif­fer­ently. My friends were there for me, sup­port­ive, but not patron­iz­ing. Co-workers could be unthink­ingly cal­lous “Oh, she won’t be here next year any­way so we don’t need her input”. Or, they would go out of their way to talk with me and ask how I was, some­thing they may not have done before. My employ­ers them­selves were won­der­ful. Even though I didn’t think I could con­tinue on, they worked with me to alter my work envi­ron­ment, and lighten my load at great dif­fi­culty to them­selves. The human resources depart­ment gave me enor­mous sup­port as well. I was ter­ri­fied at the thought of sud­denly being unable to care for myself and not know­ing whom I could trust to make deci­sions for me. Thank God for the Alzheimer’s Foun­da­tion who gave me much good advice, did a lot of leg­work for me so I could make and take deci­sions, and called me to check up and see what I might need next. Now, recov­er­ing from my tem­po­rary cog­ni­tive impair­ment (tem­po­rary!!!), I have some idea of what to do should the need arise in the future.

    Under­stand­ing my cog­ni­tive strengths and weak­nesses will moti­vate me to estab­lish and adhere to a per­son­al­ized brain fit­ness pro­gram.” When you have cog­ni­tive weak­nesses, you can lose the will to do any­thing. Hav­ing some­one who will help you get started might be the thing to help me. Will power? No hope for the future = no will power for the present.

  8. As a per­son with MS, I am only too aware of cog­ni­tive deficits.
    1) I am bet­ter off know­ing that my brain is on the decline.
    2) When friends and fam­ily are noti­fied of this fact, I use it as an oppor­tu­nity to edu­cate them about MS and its effects.
    3) I am cur­rently doing what I can to opti­mize my brain health through nutri­tion, exer­cise, and men­tal stimulation.

  9. Every­one, thank you very much for your gen­eros­ity in shar­ing these thought­ful answers.

    Joshua, here you have mine

    1– Igno­rance is what would leave me worse off, since it would pre­clude me from tak­ing appro­pri­ate action. We also need to clar­ify that a) while some abil­i­ties tend to decline oth­ers tend to improve, b) there seems to be lit­tle inher­ently genetic in our indi­vid­ual cog­ni­tive tra­jec­to­ries, which empha­sizes the impor­tance of select­ing our envi­ron­ments and our spe­cific lifestyles/ actions in an informed manner.

    2– Only if there was some kind of stigma asso­ci­ated to the word “cog­ni­tive decline”. Which I hope doesn’t hap­pen — for most peo­ple (we are not talk­ing demen­tia, cor­rect?), decline in some areas is part of the game, as is improve­ment in others.

    The only excep­tion would be insur­ance com­pa­nies — I would encour­age them, as an indus­try, to have very strong pri­vacy and non-discrimination safe­guards before offer­ing such assess­ments to consumers.

    3) Yes. That would be its main value.

  10. Elizabeth Smith says:

    Knowl­edge of cog­ni­tive decline is the only pro­tec­tion against its effects. It allows a per­son to adapt and change to circumstances.

    . My spouse’s expe­ri­ence has been that fam­ily and friends have adapted well to his cog­ni­tive decline. Employ­ment and insur­ance are another mat­ter because of lia­bil­ity and profit issues.

    Knowl­edge of cog­i­tive decline would be a sub­stan­tial moti­va­tor to main­tain fit­ness but it is dif­fi­cult to know how cog­ni­tive decline affects the abil­ity to orga­nize and adhere to a fit­ness regime.

  11. Nancy Scalise says:

    In answer to your ques­tions. #1. I would def­i­nitely like to know if I have any cog­ni­tive decline. Knowl­edge is power and Power is knowledge.This knowl­edge would give me the empow­er­ment to do what is nec­es­sary to cope and improve the sit­u­a­tion. #2. i would def­i­nitely limit knowl­edge of cog­ni­tive decline to cer­tain fam­ily members.I would want their help & sup­port. Human nature being what it is,I def­i­nitely would be cau­tious with employ­ers and insur­ers.
    #3.I had a brain tumor removed in may of this year. It was a benign occip­i­tal lobe minin­gioma. With­out any cog­ni­tive test­ing before or after surgery I really didn’t know where i stood with those abil­i­ties. There was some mem­ory loss but this is improv­ing with time. Cog­ni­tive test­ing was sug­gested after surgery, but due to lack of med­ical insur­ance was not under­taken. I stum­bled on the Happy Neu­ron at the Real Age web­site and was dis­ap­pointed when it was no longer avail­able there. You see it was play­ing those games that showed me that i was not up to speed. I had to do some­thing to get myself going again. I then found the games again at the AARP web­site. I con­tinue to play there and have decided that I should give myself a Christ­mas present and sub­scribe to the games. More so now than ever I am a very active par­tic­i­pant in my med­ical care.
    Thank you for this oppor­tu­nity to give my opin­ions. I hope it be of some use. I could go on with more but that is for another time.

  12. Joshua says:

    Thanks, all, for your thought­ful comments.

    Since there is a diver­sity of views, it is dif­fi­cult to sum­ma­rize. How­ever, most respon­ders empha­size that knowl­edge of one’s cog­ni­tive sta­tus is empow­er­ing, regard­less of age, con­di­tion, or whether one’s cog­ni­tion is improv­ing or declining.

    I am in total agree­ment with this imper­a­tive to mind the brain, and under­stand­ing the many poten­tial con­cerns that fol­low will allow our soci­ety to man­age this infor­ma­tion responsibly.

    An impor­tant caveat is that as Sharp­Brains enthu­si­asts, we are not rep­re­sen­ta­tive of the pre­vail­ing opin­ions in most com­mu­ni­ties. We need bet­ter research to sup­port this claim, but my impres­sion is that many still view cog­ni­tive decline as inevitable and unmod­i­fi­able and would not be pre­pared to use objec­tive feed­back on their men­tal abil­i­ties to empower or motivate.

    Thanks to Sharp­Brains and a grow­ing seg­ment of the health­care, pri­vate sec­tor, and gov­ern­ment uni­verses, we are wit­ness­ing cul­ture change and a shift toward pre­ven­ta­tive approaches.

    I know I don’t need to tell this com­mu­nity that suc­cess­ful brain aging is achiev­able, but each of us should con­sider how we can trans­mit this mes­sage to those around us.

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