Here is ques­tion 15 of 25 from Brain Fit­ness 101: Answers to Your Top 25 Ques­tions.

Ques­tion:
I don’t want to ever retire. What can I do to remain sharp?

Key Points:

• Pro­vide your brain with reg­u­lar men­tal stim­u­la­tion that is novel and challenging.
• Main­tain your social net­work for both stim­u­la­tion and stress reduction.

“Research has shown that con­trary to pop­u­lar belief, the brain is con­stantly under­go­ing neu­ro­ge­n­e­sis, the devel­op­ment of new neu­rons and den­drites,” said Dr. Elkhonon Gold­berg, Clin­i­cal Pro­fes­sor of Neu­rol­ogy at New York Uni­ver­sity School of Med­i­cine. “Learn­ing and tar­geted men­tal exer­cise pro­motes neu­ro­ge­n­e­sis – the cre­ation of new neu­rons – just as mus­cle growth is pro­moted through phys­i­cal exercise.”

Answer:

Work out, eat well, stim­u­late your brain, and reduce chronic stress.

Any good brain fit­ness pro­gram must pro­vide you a vari­ety of new chal­lenges over time. Recre­ational activ­i­ties like bridge, classes, and cross­word puz­zles can work your brain and be fun, but a com­pre­hen­sive scientifically-based pro­gram will eas­ily pro­vide you the tools you need to take care of your brain for the rest of your life. A computer-based pro­gram can work all of your men­tal mus­cles sys­tem­at­i­cally and reg­u­larly. It pro­vides nov­elty, chal­lenge, and stretch­ing prac­tice for your mind.

Fred Gage, PhD at the Salk Insti­tute shows us that using your brain is the best way to opti­mize your brain function:

“In the nat­ural course of aging there is cog­ni­tive decline. We know we lose the abil­ity to gen­er­ate new neu­rons with age. We are cur­rently try­ing to fig­ure out how gen­er­ate as many neu­rons as pos­si­ble to poten­tially enhance learn­ing or increase the amount of neu­ro­ge­n­e­sis in adults.”

Stress reduc­tion is another major con­cern. Main­tain­ing your exer­cise rou­tine and social net­works will help a lot in this regard. Make social appoint­ments to go for a walk with a friend or fam­ily mem­ber. Get a dog. Write let­ters to friends you haven’t talked to in ages. Vol­un­teer in your com­mu­nity. Take ball­room danc­ing lessons. All these activ­i­ties will help keep you men­tally engaged, phys­i­cally fit, and socially active.

Fur­ther Reading:

• Ball LJ, Birge SJ. Pre­ven­tion of brain aging and demen­tia. Clin Geri­atr Med. 2002;18:485–503.
• Gold­berg, Elkhonon. 2005. The Wis­dom Para­dox: How Your Mind Can Grow Stronger As Your Brain Grows Older New York City: Gotham Books. ISBN: 1592401104.
• Hultsch D, et al. Use it or lose it: Engaged lifestyle as a buffer of cog­ni­tive decline in aging? Psy­chol­ogy and Aging. 1999;14:245–263.
• Kramer AF, Bherer L, Col­combe SJ, Dong W, Gree­nough WT. Envi­ron­men­tal influ­ences on cog­ni­tive and brain plas­tic­ity dur­ing aging. J Geron­tol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2004;59:M940-57.
• McDaniel MA, Maier SF, Ein­stein GO. “Brain-specific” nutri­ents: a mem­ory cure? Nutri­tion. 2003;19:957–75.
• Scarmeas N, Stern Y. Cog­ni­tive reserve and lifestyle. J Clin Exp Neu­ropsy­chol. 2003;25:625–33.
• Small GW, Sil­ver­man DH, Sid­darth P, Ercoli LM, Miller KJ, Lavret­sky H, Wright BC, Bookheimer SY, Bar­rio JR, Phelps ME. Effects of a 14-day healthy longevity lifestyle pro­gram on cog­ni­tion and brain func­tion. Am J Geri­atr Psy­chi­a­try. 2006;14:538–45.
• Willis SL, Tennst­edt SL, Mar­siske M, et al. Long-term effects of cog­ni­tive train­ing on every­day func­tional out­comes in older adults. JAMA. 2006;296:2805–14.
• Wolin­sky FD, Unverzagt FW, Smith DM, Jones R, Stod­dard A, Tennst­edt SL. The ACTIVE Cog­ni­tive Train­ing Trial and Health-Related Qual­ity of Life: Pro­tec­tion That Lasts for 5 Years. J Geron­tol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006;61:1324–9.